Friday, November 15, 2019
Changes in the American Diet Essay -- essays research papers fc
I. Introduction A.     This paper will consider the adaptations of the United States to a changing diet, from the early to late twentieth century. B.     The purpose of this project is to research the evolution in American cuisine throughout the 1900s, towards a more convenience-based pattern of food consumption. The modernization of the United States, particularly in terms of the workforce, will be examined as it relates to a changing diet. Finally, some effects of these changes will be described. II.     Background: Early Twentieth Century Cooking III.     Modernization of the United States A.     Women in the Workforce B.     Technological Advances in Food Preparation C.     Less Time Spent in the Kitchen IV.     Changes in American Diet A.     Background: Early Twentieth Century Cuisine B.     The Rise of Convenience Foods 1.     Prepackaged and frozen foods 2.     Fast food industry 3.     Eating away from home C.     Nutrient Levels, 1900-present D.     Increase of Fats and Sugars in the American diet E.     Increased Food Consumption V.     Discussion A.     Qualifications B.     Conclusions C.     Suggestions for Further Study VII. Works Cited Introduction This paper will explore the culturally adaptive, yet physically maladaptive, changes in American diet from early to late twentieth century. A shift from traditional to convenience foods coincides with the general modernization of the United States, specifically in the role of women in the home and in the workforce. As America changes from a rural nation to one that is urban and industrialized, with rapidly increasing technology, more and more women are seen in the workforce. This increased activity allows less time for preparing meals, and modernization makes spending this time unnecessary. However, increased accessibility of food, and especially convenience food, leaves... ... and dietary adequacy.†Ecology of Food and Nutrition 14 (1984): 105-115. Bindon, JR. â€Å"Some implications of the Diet of Children in American Samoa.†Collective Anthropology 1 (1994): 7-15. Bowers DE. â€Å"Cooking trends echo changing roles of women.†Food Review 23 (2000): 23-30. Dortch S. â€Å"America weighs in.†American Demographics 6 (1997): 38-46. Dyson LK. â€Å"American cuisine in the 20th century.â€Å" Food Review 23 (2000):2-9. Goodman P. â€Å"Time capsule: dinners and entrees.†Frozen Food Age 51 (2002):37. Goungetas, B, and K Morgan. Snacking and eating away from home. In Peter F, What Is America Eating? Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1986. Krebs-Smith J, SM Krebs-Smith, and H Smiciklas -Wright. Variety in Foods. In Peter F, What Is America Eating? Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1986. Marcus MB, and A Spake. †A fat nation.†U.S. News and World Report Aug. 2002: 40. Schlosser E. Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal. New York: Perennial 2002. Tillotson JE. â€Å"Our ready-prepared ready-to-eat nation.†Nutrition Today 37 (2002): 36-39. U.S. Department of Labor. Employment Status of U.S. Civilians by Age and Sex. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2001
Tuesday, November 12, 2019
Home Decision
Woven Shivers It is really nice to have an investment of your own, especially when the money comes from your own pocket (2012, First Time Home Buyers). Like for example, one of the best investments that a person could have in their life is to have his or her own home, a home that he or she could call their own. When It comes to purchasing a car, new home or even clothing you must weigh the benefits and cost properly so that you do not lead yourself down a path of financial ruins.While the idea of purchasing new home Is very excellent, It can also sometimes be overwhelming. A significant amount of time for consideration and evaluations Is necessary when making a major purchase such as buying a new home. Purchasing a home can have severe financial repercussions, thus making the decision to purchase a new home a daunting and challenging choice, so when making a large financial decision, the basic principles of economics along with one's relative needs you must closely assess.Many of the decisions we make as consumers directly relate to the current state of the economy. While the search for a new home continues, a couple of key principles should be used and will prove to be rather helpful to the new homemaker. Comparing marginal costs with marginal benefits while weighing out the disadvantages and advantages of the purchase Is included In this process (NAB, 2011). As homeowners have testified, a couple of key principles will contribute to this life-changing decision. Trade-offs†Is one of the principles you will face before and after your purchase. That meaner that there Is a cost for everything. When a major purchase decision Is made nonusers definitely have to give up another thing that they equally like such as a new car, vacation, other major purchases, or savings and investment. Trade-offs exist for almost every decision contemplated, but in the real estate market, trade-offs can be serious when money is the concern.Neither buyer nor seller wants to lose money in one of the biggest transactions they will ever complete. You can make better decisions when you realize that life has tradeoffs. The cost of what one decides to buy is equivalent to the cost of what one gives up for it. Choosing entails riding off a target against another and is a fundamental Issue of the decision- making process. In order to purchase a beautiful home, one will have to sacrifice â€Å"opportunity cost†; for Instance, I have to cut-down on Individual costs like entertainment, clothing and food.When you have to choose one thing over another then you have to make do without the benefits of that which you do not have. You have to compare the cost and benefits of what you have to make the best choice. For graduate more opportunities begin for a better paying Job. However, in this market he opportunity cost is typically minimal because the buyer can simply find another home that meets his or her needs. Cost is not a matter of dollars and cents; it also re presents what we must give up to get something else.In reality, we do not always make decisions that are all or nothing. Some choices are made based on â€Å"marginal changes†. When we think of purchasing a home one must compare the marginal cost of purchasing a home. Amortization is a marginal cost, will the payments be an addition to what you are already paying if you are renting. The difference in the mount is marginal cost. You must also consider the mortgage insurance cost, as a result, of purchasing a home. Will the house be bigger, adding more room for your growing family?Will utilities be higher? Other marginal cost to be considered would be; the cost of moving, your travel time, the expense of gas and mileage on your car, which is associated with your travel time, if your new home is further away from your place of work compared to your current apartment. The maintenance cost of a new home must be considered because the owner of a home is solely responsible of aging sure their home is maintained and secure. Consider all of the benefits and costs that a home presents. What might a year of security monitoring cost?Assign a value to benefits or costs that do not have an explicit price tag. The benefits of living closer to the Job could be calculated as more pay for work from extra hours that would otherwise be spent commuting from a home further away. Your optimal goal is to find a home in which the total benefit, marginal and otherwise, exceeds the total cost. While one considers the marginal cost, you must also consider the benefits. Consider the marginal benefits of owning your own home. The tax shield with renting an apartment, and we must compare the marginal benefits (the Joy) of owing your own home.The tax break and financial security of owning a home are essential in appreciating the purchase off new home. In a decision to purchase a home you must carefully analyze the cost and benefits in order to make the most rational decision for your family. Investments can sometimes be confusing, especially on real estate. One must always be careful when investing in the purchase off new home cause this is not Just money it is your hard-earned dollars you will be investing and unlike a pair of shoes you can't return it if you don't like it.The economy plays a major role in the decision to purchase a new home. If the economy has recovered fully or still at a low point, one thing is for sure, your finances must be secure no matter the rates. The economy is made up of different factors such as trading, exporting and importing, unemployment, house market and inflation. The economy plays such an important role because home prices are usually very high and will quire a substantial down payment, (most lenders require around 3. 5% of the value of the home), which may sometimes deplete your savings.The demand for houses is considered highly price elastic. Economic theories state that the larger the proportion of income a certain purchas e requires the more price elastic the demand will be. Your lender will explain that your house payment should not exceed more than one third of your monthly income. You, as the buyer, should have an understanding, as it will require the spending of a large proportion of your income, so this will inconsiderably lower your purchasing power when you decide to make the purchase of program if unemployment falls to under 7 percent. Unemployment is projected to reach 6. percent in 2014, according to the Feeds projections. Currently, unemployment stands at 7. 6 percent (Brenan, 2013). Brenan said that if the economy continues to show improvement the Fed will â€Å"ease the pressure on the accelerator†. The Fed has kept interest rates low to stimulate the economy and the low rates have helped boost housing affordability. The federal government will adjust accordingly if the economy veers from projections. The housing sector is looking a little better so the state and local governments are in a position where they do not have to lay off many workers.That meaner that the economy is improving. Domestic economy is the made up of several components such as government spending, trade, level of consumption and investments. The strength of the economy is affected by changes in these components. Domestic economy and international trade play an important role in affecting the economy. If government spending increases, it will help the GAP (growth domestic product). Because of this, we have economic growth in which will increase Jobs and wages but if the government spending decreases, the effect is contraction.This is somewhat of a ripple effect because it reduces the GAP, which thus reduces the level of income and number of jobs in the economy. International trade affects the countries balance and trade. We make choices daily based on the benefits. We have the freedom to want whatever but the resources to obtain that is limited. In our day-to-day life, we use several prin ciples to make decisions. We often-times make choices by realizing what SST be given up to gain something else or something better.Studies show that once consumers buy a home, get a mortgage and have a positive experience owning, they wanted to continue to own. In a study concerns about affordability both for the home purchase itself and upkeep was a major factor that discouraged renters from taking the plunge (Tara Bernard, 2012). A personal example off decision in which I compared marginal benefits and marginal costs associated with the decision was the time I decided that I was not happy in my Job and that the only way for me to et a better Job would be to go back to college to earn my degree.The reason I wanted to earn a college degree was for better Job advancement and better Job opportunities. Financially, the rate of return made my decision easy. In addition, college graduates enjoy better health, save greater percentage of their income; improve quality of life for them and t heir family (Sweatier, DCE. 2011). The marginal costs of my decision was the time and effort it took to complete course work, time away from family, the commuting and the stress of starting back to school at my GE after years of not attending.The incentives that would have led me to make a different decision might have been a Job in my field of expertise, more and better Job opportunities and more opportunities that did not require a college degree. After looking over all of the pro and cons of buying a house in the current market, I have concluded that it is the perfect time to purchase a home for my family and l. The government has been influenced by the recession to increase incentives for recurring as well as new buyers, in addition to low interest rates, and the large amount of repertoires to choose from.If the market were balanced, unemployment was at an all-time low and inflation was not so high, I believe I would not be able to afford the dropped to comparable prices, then I feel I would not be able to afford the over- priced properties. For new home buyers, the tax credit is a great incentive; without it, I wouldn't even consider buying a new home. Therefore, I am only able to buy a new home in this economy and be able to take full advantage of the incentives which comes along with the market, while making the best use of my marginal benefits and re worth all of the subsidiary costs.
Sunday, November 10, 2019
Macbeth, Shakespeare Retold Essay
Macbeth, Shakespeare retold, commonly referred to as macchief, is an modern retelling of the old classic by Shakespeare. The storyline is this. Joe Macbeth is Head Chef in an famous restaurant owned by celebrity chief Duncan. Whilst Duncan receives credit, award and fame for his amazing cooking Joe is in the kitchen making the food Duncan take credit for. Joe is a passonate and cheerful chief who’s inthusiastic about making the best food he can. One night, three binmen meet Joe and his friend and fellow chief Billy and tell them that the restaurant will win three Michelin stars and that Joe will own the whole place one day. They also tell Billy that his sons are also in line to inherit. Just like in the original play their predictions start to come true as soon as the boys arrive back in the restaurant. Duncan drops by to tell them that the restruant have been awarded the coveted three stars, a privillage given to very few restruant in the world. He also tells Joe that his teenage son Malcolm will take over the restaurant when he’s old enough, but in the meantime joe is first in line to inherit the restrunat if something happens to him. Joe tells his wife Ella about everything. Ella is ambitious but troubled, and urges Joe to continue his rapid rise through the ranks. If they kill Duncan, the restaurant kingdom which they’ve worked so hard for, will be all theirs†¦ Spurred on by Ella, Joe kills Duncan and puts the blame on 2 robbers who raided the restruant. However him and ella was both haunted by the act they have committed. It is also at this stage that billy started to suspect Macbeth in duncans murder. Realizing that billy was on to him joe had billy killed too. However at this stage joe started to hallucinate and act wirdly causing maceduff, another chief in the kitchen, suspiscious. Macbeth realised this as well and also planned Macduff to be murdered. The murderer then arrived at macduff’s house and killed hs whole family. However Macduff was spared since he was away at the time. Ella, being haunted by gulit at the murder of Duncan, walks to the rooftop and jump off. Wnen joe was informed of this his reply was that he felt nothing at the deathof his wife. Shortly after this Macduff arrives and after hearing Macbeth admit he has Macduff blood on his hand he grabs a knife and stabs Macbeth. The movie ends with malcom who is now running the restruant meeting billies kid therefore possibly fulfilling how billi’s kid will one day inderit the restruant. The movie is a suspenseful thriller that manages to be intertaining and engaging while following the rough guideline of the original Macbeth. There are many things that I like about this film. I particularly liked how they descie to base their story in a kitchen since if you think about it a big kitchen is srt of like a kingdom with the head chief being the king and welding absolute authority and everyone else his subjects. I also liked how they managed to link the film to the original Macbeth without being too constrained by it. Even though the setting of the two stories are completely different they still follow the same plot with the same characters in each roll. Inspite of this devotant following to the original story the film was turned into an exciting thriller with a great sense of suspense. I also loved the visual and audio aspects of the film. I loved billi’s ghost and how creepy and realistic it looked. The audio aspect of the film, especially the music, is occasionally weird but strangely appropriate. The music especially manages to creat a great amount of suspense in the movie and really draws the viewer in However there are also some problems I have with the film. One of the problems is the pace of the film. You see Shakespearere told macbeth and the original macbeth follow the same storyline, but while the original macbeth has 4 hours to reach its final conclusion the retold version only has 1 and a half. Hour in which to do this and as such all the plots and stories are a bit crammed in for my liking and certain parts of the plots are outright ignored. For example the film does not adequately explain how ella was driven to suvicide by gulit. I believe that macbeth, Shakespeare retold, is an excellent thriller which follows the rough storyline of the original macbeth in an modern setting. It is very engaging and entertaining to watch and it is an must watch for anyone who loves thriller or who is an great fan of Shakespeare
Friday, November 8, 2019
Freedom and Liberty Essays
Freedom and Liberty Essays Freedom and Liberty Essay Freedom and Liberty Essay Essay Topic: On Liberty Name: Instructor: Course: Date: : Freedom and Liberty The two concepts of Freedom and liberty have occupied the minds of Americans for a very long time. America is always touted as the land of freedom. The declaration of independence illustrated the kinds of freedom all Americans ought to enjoy. It defined freedom in a simple and concise way. The desire for freedom was strong, and Americans desired to be free from the British colonialists. This freedom was expressed in the American Declaration of independence. Some aspects of freedom were however overlooked; Elizabeth Cady Stanton in her Declaration of Sentiments created awareness on these neglected freedoms. Universal freedom in American society was still a farfetched dream. People’s desire to be free is affected by many factors. Society and government dictate the kinds of freedom people enjoy. The rights and freedoms that people enjoy, depend on how the government approaches these fundamental issues. Freedom is the ability of individuals to gain control over their lives and their actions. It consists of the power of individuals to choose that which they deem best without any form of restraint. Free individuals are not restricted from expressing their rights and freedoms. Free individuals usually have the opportunity to exercise their rights, thoughts, authorities and aspirations. Freedom allows the individual to pursue their interests without any restrictions whatsoever. A free society is a society where individuals can freely exercise their rights and freedoms. In addition, such societies do not have restrictions on the rights of individuals. In a free society, all the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals are upheld. Such a society upholds and promotes the independence of individuals in their actions, speech and the way of thinking. Different forms of government affect the freedom of individuals in many different ways. Democracies and republics affect the ways through which individuals express their freedoms and rights in diverse ways. Governments invade many aspects of human life and institute laws that govern the way people live. There are rules governing how people should be taught in schools, the way they should treat the environment, how they used their possessions and rules on what individuals are supposed to own and what they are not supposed to own. The actions of many government agencies impinge on the rights and freedoms of the citizens and society. Freedom consists of being free from any constraints or restrictions. The government however limits our actions and places restraints on the choices we make. One may argue that government restrictive action is meant to protect us, however, some government restrictions that are not protective in any way. The government has violated societal freedoms in several ways. It controls the schooling system and dictates the way schools are run a decision that should be left solely to parents. Republican governments score highly when it comes to restrictions on the rights and freedoms of individuals. In republics, citizen participation is limited; furthermore, republican policy and laws are skewed towards conservative values that are usually against the majority. Freedom is still not enjoyed by everyone. Women especially have encountered many challenges in their pursuit of freedom. Women are still discriminated upon in many respects. They are looked upon as lesser beings compared to men. The United States has made enormous strides in the elimination of women oppression; it however still exists in varied forms as inequality and gender discrimination. In addition to the declaration of independence, Thomas Jefferson also authored the Virginia statute of religious freedom. Jefferson advocated for the freedom of individuals to exercise their religious rights without interference. Jefferson was able to describe freedom and democracy in a universal way. He opposed the tyranny of the colonists and the oppression Americans faced under the rule of the British colonial powers (Jefferson Fink 10). His works on freedom and government triggered a global struggle for freedom. He called for an abolishment of slavery and instituted the struggle for religious freedom. He called for universal rights and the emancipation of slaves. He insisted on the need for equal rights for people of all races. The declaration of Independence defined freedom as political fairness and freedom from political oppression. Elizabeth Caid Stanton, on the other hand, is concerned with the oppression women undergo at the hands of men. She proceeds to write her own declaration on the equality between men and women. This declaration was known as the declaration of sentiments. In her Declaration, she cites the oppression of women in society (Stanton 1). Stanton acknowledges the fact that even after independence had been declared there were sections of the population that were still oppressed and discriminated. Women still struggled against discrimination and inequality. She refined Jefferson’s declaration of independence and used it to convey her sentiments on the issue of discrimination against women. She advocated for marital freedom and that men should treat their wives as equal partners within the marriage union. In addition, the Declaration of sentiments campaigned for the recognition of women as equal to men not only in marriage but also in intelligence. In my opinion, for people to enjoy their rights and freedoms, there must be respect among them. The government must respect the rights of its citizens and acknowledge that they too possess inalienable rights. Citizens must also respect their fellow citizens. Jefferson and Stanton agree that integrity of parties and respect within unions were the key to the freedom and liberty of persons (Stanton 1). Gathering from the views of these two distinguished historians, freedom is aided by recognition and respect. Jefferson called for the recognition of the American people as people who were worthy of their own independent existence, while Stanton campaigned for the recognition of the woman as an equal being to the man and who deserved to be treated with respect. Carl Becker in his analysis of the Declaration of Independence chooses to tackle the issue of freedom and liberty in American society. Becker examines the Declaration of Independence and then proceeds to equate freedom with government (Becker 47). He says that there exists natural law and that there are inherent natural rights for every human being that must be recognized. He asserts that governments have a role to enforce the natural rights of individuals. Government actions in the enforcement of these rights must be driven by the interests of the majority. Becker reinforces my stance on the need for respect between government and citizens. The existence of respect ensures that other people are treated with the dignity they deserve. Power is a tool through which rights are enforced it is also a tool which authorities can use to trample on the freedoms of the powerless. In the fight for independence, Americans had to use their strength and power against the British to force them into submission. The Declaration of Sentiments relied upon the numbers of men and women in support of gender equality for its success. Power therefore rests with the people; the citizens are the one with the powers to push the government or society into recognizing their inherent rights and freedoms. Today, those who have more power and authority enjoy more freedoms and expression of their rights. The government is the supreme authority through which individuals rights and freedoms are enforced. It passes legislation and laws that may restrict the freedoms of its citizens or promote them. The role of the government in modern society is to protect the rights and freedoms of its citizens. It should ensure that citizens respect each otherâ⠂¬â„¢s rights and that government legislation does not infringe on the rights of citizens. Becker, Carl L. The Declaration of Independence: A Study in the History of Political Ideas. New York: A. A. Knopf, 1942. Print. Jefferson, Thomas, and Sam Fink. The Declaration of Independence. New York: Scholastic Reference, 2002. Print. Stanton, Elizabeth C. Declaration of Sentiments: Seneca Falls Convention, July 1848. Tucson: Kore Press, 2004. Print.
Tuesday, November 5, 2019
Commonplace Books and Their Uses
Commonplace Books and Their Uses A commonplace book is a writers personal collection of quotations, observations, and topic ideas. Also known as topos koinos (Greek) and locus communis (Latin). Called florilegia (flowers of reading) in the Middle Ages, commonplace books were especially popular during the Renaissance and well into the 18th century. For some writers, blogs serve as contemporary versions of commonplace books. Examples and Observations It was none other than the foremost Humanist of his day, Erasmus, in his De copia of 1512, who set the mold for making commonplace books, in a passage advising how to store collections of illustrative examples in retrievable form. One should make oneself a notebook divided by place-headings, then subdivided into sections. The headings should relate to things of particular note in human affairs or to the main types and subdivisions of vices and virtues.-(Ann Moss, Commonplace Books. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric, ed. by T.O. Sloane. Oxford University Press, 2001)Cobbled together by literate people, commonplace books served as repositories for whatever someone thought fit to record: medical recipes, jokes, verse, prayers, mathematical tables, aphorisms, and especially passages from letters, poems, or books.(Arthur Krystal, Too True: The Art of the Aphorism. Except When I Write. Oxford University Press, 2011)Clarissa Harlowe. Have read 1/3 of. Long books, when read, are usually overpraised, because the reader wants to convince others and himself that he has not wasted his time.(E.M. Forster in 1926, excerpt from Commonplace Book, ed. by Philip Gardner. Stanford University Press, 1988) Reasons to Keep a Commonplace Book Professional writers still carry notebooks that resemble commonplace books. In keeping with this practice, we suggest that aspiring rhetors carry a notebook with them so that they can write down ideas that occur to them while they are engaged in doing other things. And when you are reading, or talking, or listening to others, you can use the notebook as a commonplace book, writing down comments or passages that you want to remember, copy, or imitate.(Sharon Crowley and Debra Hawhee, Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students. Pearson, 2004)The commonplace book derived its name from the ideal of a common place where useful ideas or arguments might be gathered. . . .[T]here are still good reasons for writers to keep commonplace books the old-fashioned way. In copying by hand a masterful construction from another writer, we can inhabit the words, grasp their rhythms and, with some luck, learn a little something about how good writing is made. . . .Author Nicholson Baker writes of keepi ng a commonplace book that it makes me a happier person: My own bristling brain-urchins of worry melt in the strong solvent of other peoples grammar. Its a lovely passage, and I couldnt help entering it into my own commonplace book.(Danny Heitman, A Personal Trove of Prose. The Wall Street Journal, October 13-14, 2012) William H. Gass on Ben Jonsons Commonplace Book When Ben Jonson was a small boy, his tutor, William Camden, persuaded him of the virtue of keeping a commonplace book: pages where an ardent reader might copy down passages that especially pleased him, preserving sentences that seemed particularly apt or wise or rightly formed and that would, because they were written afresh in a new place, and in a context of favor, be better remembered, as if they were being set down at the same time in the memory of the mind. Here were more than turns of phrase that could brighten an otherwise-gloomy page. Here were statements that seemed so directly truthful they might straighten a warped soul on seeing them again, inscribed, as they were, in a childs wide round trusting hand, to be read and reread like the propositions of a primer, they were so bottomed and basic.(William H. Gass, A Defense of the Book. A Temple of Texts. Alfred A. Knopf, 2006) Commonplace Books and the Web John Locke, Thomas Jefferson, Samuel Coleridge and Jonathan Swift all kept [commonplace] books, copying down proverbs, poems and other wisdom they encountered while reading. So did many women, often excluded from public discourse at the time. By appropriating others nuggets, writes cultural historian Robert Darnton, you made a book of your own, one stamped with your personality.In a recent Columbia University lecture, the writer Steven Johnson drew parallels between commonplace books and the web: blogging, Twitter and social bookmarking sites such as StumbleUpon are often held to have sparked a renaissance of the form. . . . As with commonplace books, this linking and sharing create not just a hodgepodge, but something coherent and original: When text is free to combine in new, surprising ways, new forms of value are created.(Oliver Burkeman, Make a Book of Your Own. The Guardian, May 29, 2010)
Sunday, November 3, 2019
The Ruling by the European Court of Justice Essay
The Ruling by the European Court of Justice - Essay Example Notably, the commercial law facet has equally been affected by relative implications. In this, the commercial agent gets in a business relationship with the principal. Both have distinctive roles to play and failure of one party has adverse legal implications. The legal impacts are apparent in scenarios such as Semen v Deutsche Tamoil GmbH (C-348/07)1. Undoubtedly, the ruling had direct influence on the decisions of both parties. Particularly, factors pertaining to indemnity and compensation are the most critical. It is in this regard that this paper provides an in depth evaluation of the decision of the principal regarding choice of indemnity upon termination of a commercial agency. This is done in light of the ruling of Semen v Deutsche Tamoil GmbH (C-348/07). To enhance coherence, the paper begins by reviewing the ruling of this case2. In this case, the agent needed to be paid an indemnity by the principal after the contractual relationship was terminated. The bone of contention b etween parties Blanc Canet v Europcar France [2005] ECC 34 and Smith v Reliance Water Controls Ltd [2003] EWCA Civ 1153; [2003] Eu LR 874 stems from the size of the indemnity that was supposed to be awarded3. In particular, it was not clear whether the methodologies employed in indemnity calculation were in line with the legal provisions4. The court as in Cooper and others v Pure Fishing (UK) Ltd [2004] EWCA 375 held that during the calculations of the indemnity to be awarded to the agent, there was dire need to factor in all the losses that the agent would encounter. Although these are wide and varied as established in Crane v Sky In-House Services Ltd [2007] EWHC 66, they are important in ensuring that justice is served and the respective indemnity is reflective of all the losses that the agent incurs5. This preposition is further supported by Claramoda Ltd v Zoomphase Ltd [2009] EWHC 2857 outcomes6. Undoubtedly, this ruling implies that the value of the indemnity would usually be higher than the expectations of the principal7. As defined in Duffen v Frabo SpA [2000] 1 Lloyds Rep 180, this is because the business relationships that the agent establishes with a host of parties are not only intricate but also numerous8. Also, this is well examined in Douglas King v T Tunnock Ltd [2000] SLT 744. Usually, these relationships seek to ease business operations as well as meet the fundamental goals of the business. In this respect, they aim at optimizing profits and enhancing sustainable growth. To attain this, the agents invest significant resources in terms of money and finances. Although worth appreciating according to Ingmar GB Ltd v Eaton Leonard Ltd [2001] EWHC 3; [2001] Eur LR 755 and Tony Vick v Vogle-Gapes Ltd [2006] EWHC 1579 is the intellectual resource that the agents employ in attaining relative goals9. For this reason, the agents would only be satisfied if all these efforts would be rewarded by the indemnity. Further, the ruling established that the pr incipal would still benefit from the business relationships that were established by the commercial agent. Likewise, this was akin to the findings of Hacket v Advanced Medical Computer Systems Ltd [1999] CLC 160 case10. From an economic point of view, relative benefits would probably increase with time. This is because of the presumption that businesses would
Friday, November 1, 2019
The Bicycle sharing system in Los Angeles Essay
The Bicycle sharing system in Los Angeles - Essay Example Los Angeles should consider adopting the Bicycle Sharing System for 3 predominant reasons: pollution, traffic as well as public health issues . Los Angeles is one of the most populated cities in the world and the development in technology has allowed more people to enter Los Angeles. Thus, the region is overcrowded with a lot of people. Ostensibly, Los Angeles’ population keeps growing every year and might soon reach appalling and uncontrollable figures. Due to its huge population composed of affluent individuals, usage of personal vehicles creates the serious problems in pollution. Driving personal vehicle does not only impact negatively on the environments, but also leads to noise pollution thus hampering individuals’ ability to hear. A journal by Kenneth A. Small and Camilla Kazimi, mentions, â€Å"The costs of air pollution, noise, and other environmental damage are not precisely measurable †¦Ã¢â‚¬ The vehicles consume diesel, and the substances from burning diesel will make elements that would contribute to form acid rain. Snags such as air contamination or acid rain are fatal, and it takes a long time for the environment to recover from these pollutions . As the population keeps snowballing, the number of cars on the street would briskly increase. This means that these cars will make more components of acid rain, which will harm human the society in the near future. Thus, the adoption of the Bicycle Sharing System will bring the result of reduction in air pollution in the future.
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